今天鞋百科给各位分享为什么现代语言学注重口语的知识,其中也会对现代汉语口语与书面语的关系(现代汉语口语与书面语的关系是)进行解释,如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题,别忘了关注本站,现在我们开始吧!

现代汉语口语与书面语的关系

口语和书面语是现代汉语的两种不同形式.书面语是写(印)出来的语言,口语是说出来的语言;书面语的物质载体是文字,口语的物质载体是语音.从语言学的角度看口语和书面语的差别主要在风格方面.口语的特点是亲切自然,句子简短,常有省略.书面语的特点是用词精审,结构谨严,逻辑性强.书面语是在口语的基础上形成并发展起来的.先有口语,后有书面语;至今还有许多民族只有口语而没有书面语.因此口语是第一性的,书面语是第二性的.书面语比口语规范、连贯,因为写出来的话可以有时间斟酌、加工,乃至反复修改.对书面语进一步加工规范,就形成标准语(又称“文学语言”).
书面语与口语相互影响.书面语的成分不断进入口语,从而使口语向着规范的方向发展;口语成分也不断被吸收进书面语,从而使书面语不断丰富生动.书面语往往受到口语的制约,它虽然有自己的特点要形成自己的风格,同口语保持一定的距离,但不能距离太远.如果书面语同口语脱节太严重,人们就会对书面语进行改革.“五四”前后废除文言文提倡白话文的运动,就是因为文言文这种书面语同口语脱节太严重.

为什么现代汉语语言学优先考虑的是语言而不是写作?

1、重心不同

现代汉语课程中的语音以汉语普通话语音为主,而语言学概论课程中的语音涉及语音学和音系学理论。
2、内容不同
语言学概论课程中语音部分的理论性强,而现代汉语课程中语音部分则不做理论分析,仅仅是对汉语的语音现象的梳理。

一些英语语言学方面的题目

现代汉语口语与书面语的关系

囧,绝对是张高远的作业害的

话说第二章都有答案,或者直接谷歌原题,都能找到答案啊,分数给我吧!

语文和语言学的本质区别是什么?

最大的区别是:语言文字是文化的载体,语言学是以人类语言为研究对象的学科.

语言文字是文化的载体,也是文化的重要组成部分。中华传统文化历史悠久,由汉、壮、回等50多个民族的文化组成。在漫长的历史沿革中,中华传统文化逐步形成海纳百川的恢宏气度和多元一体的绮丽态势。

语言学(linguistics)是以人类语言为研究对象的学科,探索范围包括语言的性质、功能、结构、运用和历史发展,以及其他与语言有关的问题。语言学被普遍定义为对语言的一种科学化、系统化的理论研究。并且语言是人类最重要的**工具,是思想的直接现实。

现代语言学为什么把说话放在首位而不是把写作放在首位?

因为语言主要功能是交流。语言也具有一定的社会实用性。因此说话比写作应用更广。

求一些关于语言学的资料

articulatory phonetics(发音语音学)--the study of the production of speach sounds.

acoustic phonetics:(声学语言学) --the study of physical properties of speech sounds.

Allophones(音位变体)--the different phones which cab represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the allophones of taht phoneme.

consonant(辅音):a major category of sound segments produced by a closure in the vocal tract,or by a narrowing which is so marked that air can not escape without producting audible friction.

compositionality(综合性原则):the meaning of a sentence should be viewed from both the grammatical structure and the word meaning.In other words,the meaning of a sentence depend on the meanings of the constituent words and the way they are combined.

cooperative principle(合作原则):1,Maxim of Quantity.2,maxim of Quality.3,Maxim of relatiob.4,Maxim of manner.

Constatives(叙事句):a constative sentence is a description of what the speaker is doing at the time of speaking.It can be said to be ture or false.

Endocentric(向心结构):is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents,i,e,a word or a group of words,which serves as a definable centre or head.

Exocentric(离心结构):it refers to a group of syntactionally related words where none of the words is functionally equivalent to the group as a whole,that is,there is no definable "center" or "head" inside the group

illocutionary act(行事行为):when we speak we not only produce some units of language with certain meanings,but also make clear our purpose in producing them,the way we intend them to be understood,or they also have certain forces.The act performed is known as a...

linguistics(语言学):is the the scientific study of language

Language:is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.

locutionary act(发话行为):when we speak we move our vocal organs and produce a number of sounds organzined in a certain way and with a certain meaning.The act performed in this sense is called a ...

morpheme(语素):is the smallest unit of language in terms of the relationship between expression and content,a unit that can not be divided into fuither,smaller,units without destorying or drastically altering the meaning whether it is lexical or grammatical.

Morphology(形态学):is a branch of linguistics which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.

Phonetics(语音学):phonetics studies how speech sounds are produced,transmitted and perceived.

Pragmatics(语用论):is the study of these relations between language and context that are grammaticalized,or encoded in the structure of a language.

perlocutionary act(取效行为):whether or not the effects are intended by the speaker,they can be regarded as parts of the act that the speaker performed.this act is called....

performatives(施为句):some sentence is the doing of an action.They can not be said to be true or false.these sentences are called....

phoneme(音位):is a phonological unit which is the smallest unit of sound in a language which can distinguish two words.

phonology(音系学):is the study of the sound patterns and sound systems of languages.It aims to discover the principles that govern the way sounds are organized in languages and to explain the variations that occur.

sapir-whorf hypotheses(沃尔夫假设):our language helps mould our way of thinking and,consequently,different languages may probably express speakers` unique ways of understanding the world.

Semantics(语义学):is the study of meaning,or more specifically,the study of linguistic units,words and sentences in particular.

sense relations(涵义关系):the sense of a word may be seen as network of its sense relation with others.

Syntax(句法):is the study of the rules governing the ways different constituents are combined to form sentences in a language,or the study of the interrelationships between elements in sentence structure.

syntax relations(句法关系):syntax relations can be analysed into three kinds: positional relations,relations of substitutability.and relations if co-occurrence

suprasegmentals(超音段特征):units which extend over more than one sound in an utterance.The principal suprasegmentals are syllable,stress,tone and intonation.

theory of conversational implicature(会话含义论):in real communication,the intention of the speaker is often not the literal meaning of what he or she says.the real intention implied in the words is called....

vowel(元音):a major category of sound segments produced without abstruction of the vocal tract so that air eascapes in a relatively unimpeded way through the mouth or the nose.

这些是我们上学期语言学考过的

当时为了弄小炒 一个字一个字的从书上敲上去的

你看你用得着不

英语语言学中语言功能举例

1、元语言功能就是用语言来认识和解释语言。比如:
(1)——linguistics是什么意思?
——是语言学的意思。
(2)所谓元认知就是“认知的认知”。
2、信息功能是说语言能传递信息。比如:
(1)——What time is it?
——It's ten o'clock.
(2)——***是中国的。
3、施为功能是说语言本身能做事情。比如:
(1)——(天皇说)日本帝国无条件投降。【这句话标志着日本投降,第二次世界大战结束】
(2)——(陪审员说)Guilty!【相当于投票支持嫌疑人有罪的判决】
4、人际功能就是语言能起到**作用。比如:
(1)——天儿不错啊。(达到开始交谈的目的)
(2)——(Joey in FRIENDS) How('re) you doin'?(达到flirting目的)

【这是印象里的,没查书,仅供参考哈。】

什么是共时语言学,历时语言学,名词解释

1、共时语言学

从某一个历史时段静态的观察和研究语言系统,又称断代语言学。

共时语言学又称静态语言学,是由索绪尔创立的一门语言学,为用交叉方法,区别两种语言或语音是否相同,或同语言两种词是否完全相同。此学科的特色,在于坚持在两同阶段语言中,要**分析,以解决或了解两语言间的同性与差别问题。

该学科于20世纪启蒙,其研究遍及各主要语言,主要学派有:描写语言学派、转换生成学派和层次语言学派等等。并为美国语言学中的“结构**流派”和“行为**”的产生完成了理论的铺垫。

2、历时语言学

历时语言学是语言研究的一个分支,是从纵向发展的角度研究某种语言从一个时代到另一个时代的发展变化的语言学分支。

历时语言学(diachronic linguistic) 又称演化语言学或历史语言学,是由索绪尔创立的一个语言学分类,指在现代语言学出现之前,大部份语言学者所进行的一种语言的历史性演化的研究,主要研究语言在一定的时间跨度内所经历的种种变化。

采用正视法(以文献考证为基础按时间顺序来叙述一种语言的历史)和回顾法(通过比较来重建一种语言)来研究问题。

扩展资料:

语言学作用:

是以人类语言为研究对象的学科,探索范围包括语言的性质、功能、结构、运用和历史发展,以及其他与语言有关的问题。语言学研究的对象是客观存在的语言事实。不管是现代的语言还是古代的语言,都是客观存在的语言现象。

尽管不同话语表达的意义是带有主观性的和千差万别的,但是传递出来的语言信息却是能被别人共同理解的,语言学被普遍定义为对语言的一种科学化、系统化的理论研究。并且语言是人类最重要的**工具 ,是思想的直接现实。

参考资料:百度百科-历时语言学

百度百科-共时语言学